Why Do Traditional Futures Contracts Have an Expiration Date?

Traditional futures contracts have an expiration date because they were originally designed for producers and consumers to hedge against price risk or to facilitate the physical delivery of a commodity. The expiration date formalizes the end of the contract's life and sets the final settlement point, ensuring the transfer of the underlying asset or the final cash payment occurs on a specific day.

In Options Trading, How Does the Concept of “Settlement” Relate to Token Transfers?
Why Is Physical Settlement Often Preferred in Traditional Commodity Markets like Oil or Gold?
What Is the Role of the Final Settlement Date in Determining the Settlement Price?
Why Might Institutional Traders Prefer the Certainty of Physical Settlement?
Do All Traditional Financial Derivatives Have an Expiration Date?
How Is the Final Settlement Price of a Commodity Future (E.g. Crude Oil) Determined?
What Are the Criteria for “Actual Delivery” of a Commodity in a Futures Contract?
Why Is Delivery Risk Generally Lower in Traditional Commodity Futures than in Crypto Futures?

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