Why Does the Network’s Difficulty Target Change over Time?

The network's difficulty target changes over time to maintain a consistent block discovery rate, which is a fundamental requirement of the blockchain protocol. As more miners join the network and the total hash rate increases, blocks are found faster.

The difficulty target must then increase to slow down the block discovery rate and keep it at the target time (e.g. 10 minutes for Bitcoin).

How Does the ‘Difficulty Adjustment’ Mechanism in PoW Chains Function?
How Often Does the Bitcoin Network Difficulty Adjust, and Why Is This Necessary?
If the Hash Rate Doubles, How Does the Difficulty Target Respond?
What Is the Relationship between Hash Rate and the Difficulty Target?
How Does the Time-to-Block-Discovery Relate to the Network’s Difficulty Target?
How Does the “Difficulty Adjustment” Mechanism Maintain Bitcoin’s Block Time Consistency?
What Is the ‘Mining Difficulty’ in a PoW System?
What Is the Relationship between the Hash Rate and the Difficulty of Mining a Cryptocurrency?

Glossar