Why Is a ‘First-Come, First-Served’ Rule Difficult to Enforce on a Global Decentralized Network?

Enforcing a strict 'first-come, first-served' (FCFS) rule is difficult due to the decentralized nature of the network. Transactions originate from all over the world, and there is no single, universally agreed-upon time reference.

Transactions arrive at different nodes at slightly different times due to network latency. Furthermore, the FCFS rule conflicts with the economic incentive of validators to prioritize higher-fee transactions, making it technically challenging and economically undesirable to implement fairly.

How Does a High Volume of Zero-Fee Transactions Affect Network Congestion?
How Does a “Zero-Fee” Transaction Behave in the Mempool?
How Does the Public Nature of the Blockchain Mempool Create a Unique Vulnerability for Front-Running?
What Is the Primary Incentive for a Miner to Prioritize High-Fee Transactions?
How Does a Node Decide Which Low-Fee Transactions to Drop from Its Mempool?
How Do Transaction Fees Influence the Ordering of Transactions in a Block?
What Mechanism Ensures That Miners Prioritize Higher-Fee Transactions?
Why Is the Base Fee Burned Instead of Going to Validators?

Glossar